Document Management Guide

| 15 May 2025

Document management organises and stores digital documents for easy access, while archiving preserves inactive records for long-term retention.



Document Management Guide

In today’s digital-first environment, the role of document management and archiving cannot be overstated. Businesses across all sectors increasingly rely on digital documents to operate efficiently and remain competitive. Properly managing these documents — ensuring they are accessible yet secure and archivable yet retrievable — is foundational to modern business practices.

What is Document Management?

Document management encompasses the handling and organisation of digital documents. This practice includes creating, storing, managing, and tracking documents in real-time. It supports essential functions such as collaboration, version control, and efficient retrieval during the operational phase of a document’s lifecycle. Effective document management ensures that information is available when needed, facilitating smooth business operations and decision-making.

What is Document Archiving?

Unlike document management, which is geared towards documents in active use, document archiving focuses on the long-term preservation of records that are no longer regularly accessed but are still important to retain for legal, compliance, or historical reasons. This process is crucial for organisations that need to meet regulatory requirements or wish to preserve important corporate history.

Document archiving involves storing documents in a secure and stable format that protects their integrity and ensures they can be retrieved and read even after long periods of storage, often extending over years or decades. This method of preservation is essential for maintaining the longevity and usability of critical information.

Types of Digital Archiving Solutions

Digital archiving has become integral to various systems and management software, making the preservation and storage of documents both straightforward and accessible. Several types of digital archiving solutions cater to different needs and operational scopes of organisations.

1. Cloud-Based Archiving

Cloud-based archiving, or cloud storage, is hosted on remote servers, eliminating the need to use local drive space. This option is scalable and adaptable to various budget constraints, providing more space as needed. It offers enhanced accessibility and robust disaster recovery options, making it a popular choice for organisations with an expanding amount of documents. Additionally, cloud network management allows accessibility from anywhere with internet connectivity suits businesses with frequent remote collaboration and out-of-office staff arrangements.

2. On-Premise Archiving

For organisations with stringent regulatory compliance needs, the accessibility offered by cloud storage can pose a security risk. On-premise archiving solutions allow documents to be stored on local servers or storage systems, giving businesses complete control over security and access protocols. This method requires an upfront investment in hardware, which must be scaled manually as more documents are added, and ongoing maintenance to ensure the servers remain operational.

3. Hybrid Archiving

Hybrid archiving systems blend the flexibility of cloud storage with the security of on-premise solutions. Sensitive and confidential documents are kept on-premise as a secure way to share documents, while all other documents are stored in the cloud. This strategy allows businesses to optimise their administrative costs while maintaining stringent control over critical documents.

4. Specialised Document Management Systems (DMS)

For organisations dealing with large volumes of documents that are unmanageable in-house, specialised Document Management Systems (DMS) offer a solution. These systems are tailored to provide industry-specific archiving functions, such as indexing, searchability, and access management, streamlining the handling and preservation of extensive document archives.

5. Blockchain-Based Archiving

In sectors like legal, finance, and government, where security is paramount, blockchain-based archiving offers a unique solution. This technology helps preserve the authenticity and integrity of documents by preventing duplication and tampering. Each document is linked to a unique blockchain system, facilitating data verification and ensuring the archiving system remains tamper-proof and nearly immutable.

Document Management Systems (DMS)

Similar to on-premise archiving, Document Management Systems (DMS) feature a centralised repository for storing documents. A standout feature of a DMS is its customisability. As a bespoke business solution for archiving, organisations can tailor their DMS to meet industry-specific needs. This adaptability also allows the DMS to be integrated seamlessly with other tools and systems, such as CRM or ERP systems, creating a unified suite experience.

Features of DMS

  • Centralised Storage: Provides a single repository for all documents, making them readily accessible to authorised users.
  • Indexing and Searchability: Allows documents to be tagged with metadata, facilitating quick searches and retrieval using specific keywords or phrases.
  • Version Control: Tracks changes to documents over time, enabling users to access previous versions and track the evolution of a document.
  • Access Control: Manages who can view, edit, or share documents, enhancing security and compliance by ensuring only authorised access.
  • Workflow Automation: Automates document-driven processes by routing documents to the appropriate individuals at each process step for review or approval.

Why Document Management and Archiving Work Hand in Hand

1. Lifecycle Management

While documents are active and frequently accessed, DMS allows for editing and sharing. Document archiving solutions, on the other hand, remove inactive content from the active repository, storing them for long-term retention. This transition from active management to archiving is crucial for lifecycle management, ensuring documents are preserved once they are no longer needed in the daily business operations.

2. Compliance, Access, and Data Risk Management

DMS helps ensure data protection and privacy by managing workflow and access controls while documents are active. Features such as indexing, search, and retrieval enable users to easily find, allowing collaborative document editing on ongoing projects. When these documents become inactive, the access controls are transferred to document archiving solutions, which provide audit trails and ensure documents are retrievable when required. These archiving solutions also add layers of protection for inactive documents, including encryption and offsite or cloud backups, which are crucial for disaster recovery planning and securing data loss prevention.

3. Cost and Space Efficiency

By transferring inactive documents to an archiving system, organisations can significantly reduce the storage burden on their primary DMS. This migration not only maintains a fast and responsive DMS for users but also offsets the need to invest in additional digital storage solutions, enhancing overall cost and space efficiency. This strategic approach helps businesses optimise their resource allocation and maintain operational agility without compromising document accessibility or security.

Achieving Security and Compliance

For Document Management Systems (DMS) to be marketable to businesses, they must excel in three core areas: compliance, security, and data protection.

  • Compliance: Document management and archiving solutions must adhere to legal, regulatory, and industry standards governing document management to ensure documents are always audit-ready.
  • Security: It is crucial for businesses to protect their documents and repositories—including personal data, financial records, and proprietary information—from unauthorised access, alteration, or destruction.
  • Data Protection: Personal and sensitive data must be safeguarded against misuse in accordance with data protection laws.

Strategies to Achieve Security and Compliance

Aspect

Strategies

Compliance

- Implement retention schedules.

- Automate compliance enforcement.

- Regularly update compliance measures.

Security

- Encrypt digital documents.

- Establish access controls.

- Use physical security for paper records.

- Conduct regular security audits.

Data Protection

- Minimise data collection to what's necessary.

- Obtain clear consent for data processing.

- Ensure transparency about data use.

- Provide access to individuals' data.

- Implement data minimisation.

- Secure data disposal.

Best Practices for Managing and Archiving Documents

1. Establish Clear Policies and Procedures

To ensure consistency and compliance across the organisation, it is vital that staff follow unified policies or guidelines that govern data management. These guidelines should regulate how documents are created, categorised, accessed, stored, and disposed of. Establishing such policies not only enhances consistency but also fortifies the document management system against potential compliance issues.

2. Implement a Document Retention Schedule

A retention schedule complements the data management policies by defining how long documents should be kept in accordance with legal and business needs. By maintaining only necessary records and disposing of outdated or irrelevant documents, companies can reduce storage costs and minimise clutter within their systems.

3. Regularly Review and Audit Documents

Businesses should conduct periodic internal audits to identify gaps and areas for improvement in their document management systems (DMS). These reviews help to ensure that the system remains up-to-date with regulatory and operational changes pertinent to the industry, thereby enhancing efficiency and compliance.

4. Ensure Data Protection and Privacy

To bolster the network security of your DMS and protect against data breaches, it’s crucial to optimise the system with robust security measures such as encryption, authentication, and access controls. These steps help safeguard sensitive information and maintain the integrity of the document management process.

5. Train Staff on Document Management Practices

Ongoing training on adhering to document management procedures ensures more effective operations across the team. Well-informed staff are better equipped to handle documents correctly, reducing the risk of errors and enhancing overall system effectiveness.

6. Leverage Automation for Efficiency

By properly integrating and optimising systems, organisations can automate routine tasks such as document categorisation and retention. Automation reduces the risk of human error and frees up personnel to focus on more strategic tasks, thereby improving operational efficiency.

7. Implement a Secure Archiving Solution

When integrating document archiving solutions to complement your DMS, ensure that they offer security, and reliability, and are capable of long-term preservation. Accessibility is also crucial for archiving solutions to ensure that archived documents can be easily retrieved when necessary.

8. Digitise Paper Records

Converting all paper documents into a digital format not only reduces the need for physical storage but also allows legacy documents to be integrated into modern workflows. Digitisation helps create a seamless and fully integrated document management system.

9. Plan for Disaster Recovery

Develop a comprehensive plan for backing up digital documents and protecting physical records from potential hazards. This strategy minimises the risk of document loss due to disasters and ensures business continuity, safeguarding critical corporate information under all circumstances.

Conclusion

Effective integration of document management and archiving systems is crucial for modern businesses to maintain efficiency, ensure compliance, and protect data. Document management facilitates real-time document handling, supporting daily operations and collaboration, while archiving focuses on the long-term preservation of inactive documents for legal and compliance purposes.

Best practices like establishing clear policies, implementing retention schedules, conducting regular audits, ensuring data protection, and leveraging automation enhance the synergy between these systems. These practices optimise both security and operational efficiency, ensuring that documents are both accessible and securely preserved. By adopting these strategies, organisations can meet current and future needs, ensuring resilience against business challenges and regulatory changes.